n-Amyl alcohol
1-Pentanol
CAS: 71-41-0
Molecular Formula: C5H12O
n-Amyl alcohol - Names and Identifiers
| Name | 1-Pentanol |
| Synonyms | n-Pentanol 1-Pentanol Amyl alcohol n-Amyl alcohol Pentyl alcohol Alcool amylique n-Pentyl alcohol primaryamylalcohol n-Amyl alcohol (Pentan-1-ol) for analysis EMSURE |
| CAS | 71-41-0 |
| EINECS | 200-752-1 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C5H12O/c1-2-3-4-5-6/h6H,2-5H2,1H3 |
n-Amyl alcohol - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C5H12O |
| Molar Mass | 88.15 |
| Density | 0.811 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -78 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 136-138 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 120°F |
| JECFA Number | 88 |
| Water Solubility | 22 g/L (22 ºC) |
| Solubility | water: soluble22.8g/L at 25°C |
| Vapor Presure | 1 mm Hg ( 13.6 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | APHA: ≤30 |
| Odor | Pleasant 0.1 ppm |
| Merck | 14,7118 |
| BRN | 1730975 |
| pKa | 15.24±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Explosive Limit | 10%, 100°F |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.409(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of colorless liquid, fusel oil odor. melting point -79 ℃ boiling point 137.3 ℃(99.48kPa) relative density 0.8144 refractive index 1.4101 solubility, ether, acetone. |
| Use | Used as solvent and raw material for organic synthesis |
n-Amyl alcohol - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R10 - Flammable R20 - Harmful by inhalation R37 - Irritating to the respiratory system R66 - Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking R37/38 - Irritating to respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S46 - If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. |
| UN IDs | UN 1105 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | SB9800000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2905 19 00 |
| Hazard Note | Irritant/Flammable |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3670 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 2306 mg/kg |
n-Amyl alcohol - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Hydrogen N-Valeric Acid |
| Downstream Products | Valeraldehyde |
n-Amyl alcohol - Reference Information
| FEMA | 2056 | AMYL ALCOHOL |
| relative polarity | 0.568 |
| pH range of acid-base indicator discoloration | 7 |
| olfactory Threshold | 0.1ppm |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | 1-pentanol is colorless liquid, with slight odor, slightly soluble in water, soluble in acetone, miscible in ethanol, most organic solvents, such as diethyl ether, can be used for organic synthesis. |
| toxicity | can be used safely in foods (FDA,§ 172.515. 2000) |
| usage limit | FEMA(mg/kg): Soft drink 18; Cold drink 15; Candy 35, baked goods 24; gelatin products and pudding 7.7~50; Gum 150~340. |
| Use | use as a solvent and a raw material for organic synthesis GB 2760-86 specifies the permitted use of flavorants. It is used for flavors such as chocolate, white wine, chives, apples, nuts, bread, cereals, etc. It is used as a coating solvent, a raw material for medicine, a flotation agent for non-ferrous metals, and a foam inhibitor for boiler water. used as chromatographic standard reagents and Analytical reagents, also used in organic synthesis organic synthesis, solvent. High purity can be used as a standard for gas chromatography. |
| production method | 1. The pentane fraction is dehydrated by anhydrous hydrogen chloride and then mixed with chlorine gas at 120-300 ℃. The product is cooled and rectified, and then hydrolyzed with sodium oleate as catalyst and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, crude amyl alcohol and water separation, distillation can be obtained containing primary alcohol 59%, secondary alcohol 36%, tertiary alcohol 5% of amyl alcohol. It is reported that this method is mainly used in the United States. Carbonylation of C4 olefins by carbonylation of C4 olefins with 65% sulfuric acid, followed by carbonylation with cobalt salt as catalyst, water gas pressure 14.7-19.6MPa, reaction temperature 140-170 ℃. The carbonylation reactant is treated with hydrogen or dilute sulfuric acid to decompose cobalt carbonyl into metallic cobalt, which is reduced at a hydrogen pressure of 17.7-19.6MPA and a temperature below 180-200 ° C., and then separated and refined to obtain amyl alcohol. From the hydrogenation of valeraldehyde in the presence of sodium amalgam. |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 572 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:01:54
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Raw Materials for n-Amyl alcohol
Downstream Products for n-Amyl alcohol